Basketry is the craft or process of making baskets or objects woven like baskets. Basket weaving is a constructive hobby for some while others partake in it for a profit. There are basket classes, workshops and even conventions for those that already participate in this and for those interested in learning the art. Basket weaving is called folkart by many people.
Although not one of the most popular hobbies people take up, it does have a large community of people involved. Known as a Southern craft to most, basket weaving conventions take place all over the world. Baskets of all sorts are celebrated at the conventions. They are hand woven and sold at these conventions. There are a few that compete in this craft, but mostly it's for fun. From basket weaving cruises to basket weaving workshops, there are hundreds of places to buy and sell baskets. It's more popular to make a large quantity of baskets and sell at a convention rather than sell per basket on your own. Most choose to spend their time creating new and unique baskets.
For those competing in basket weaving crafts shows, retreats, festivals and contests, there are prizes awarded from cruises to $10,000. Conventions are held annually in 34 out of 50 states. Conventions offer a chance to make a name for yourself in this craft. It's where companies find the basket maker. They choose which basket maker's styles fits their products and hire out work all year long, more often than not in a long-term setting. Do some research for the next convention in your state.
Native Americans have done it for years. The Boy Scouts of America have a merit badge for it. The band Nofx sings "underwater basket-weaving (we got some arts and crafts)" in jest. To true craftsmen, basket construction is no joke.
Experts cannot agree on specific aspects of basketry. One thing they do agree on is that all baskets are built using one of four methods including woven, twined, coiled, and plaited. Let us consider the generalized definitions of each of these methods. First we define perhaps the most common construction method, woven. As previously noted, this method is so well known the scouts have an elective merit badge for it, basket weaving.
Weavers use two things, rigid spokes which make what is often called "a warp," and material that is significantly more pliable, which are woven in and out or in between in order to create what is called "a weft." Materials preferred are reed, willow, wood splint, and paper.
Twined is another popular method. In this method the basket maker uses two or more flexible material to encircle still another material. When only two are used, it is called pairing. When more than two are involved it is called waling.
Another method is the coiled method. This involves using a bundle of rods being stitched into a round shape with a flexible, thin material to make a coiled basket. Other materials sometimes used include straw, pine needles, yucca, palmetto, and various grasses. Stitching elements include things like raffia, horsehair, and devil's claw.
The final method used is plaited. Plaiting is when two of the same material are woven together at right angles in a plain or twill weave. These are the basic methods (sometimes with embellishments added) that are used to construct baskets even today.
